Cresent Moon and Waning Moon
This idea is linked to the changing position of the moon in the sky as the days pass, which is determined by the orbit of the moon around the earth and by the obliquity of the ecliptic (the angle between the Equator and the ecliptic). Durng the lunar cycle (which lasts around 29 and a half days), the moon rises and descends in declination (angular distance according to the celestial equator).
To witness this, you should identify the height of the moon in the sky, from day to day, when it is going south. If it rises (or descends) more and more, it is said to be a Cresent moon (or waning moon). We can also identify from a given spot the place on the horizon where it rises - if this spot goes northwards as the days pass (or southwards), the moon is rising (or waning).
Waning Moon
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The waning moon is good for the roots, as this is where the sap is concentrated. It is therefore the moment to sow, plant, to transplant root vegetables.
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It is also the best time to harvest your root vegetables (preferable in the afternoon) as they will be tastier and will keep for longer.
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Sow and dig in your organic fertilizer on a day of the waning moon.
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Collect your flower bulbs, they will have accumulated a maximum of sap.
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Root vegetables: garlic, carrots, beetroot, onions, potatoes, turnips, radishes, ...
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Finally, work your soil during this period, its the time when microbien activity is at its peak.
Cresent (or rising) Moon
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It is while the moon is rising that the sap circulates most easily to the leaves, it is thus a favourable time for leaf vegetables and for the lawn.
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It is also the best time to harvest fruit, as their juice is more concentrated.
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Leaf vegetables: lettuce, spinach, cabbage ...